UPCC 10523 Assessment of a Radiomics-Based Computer-Aided Diagnosis Tool for Cancer Risk Stratification of Pulmonary Nodules (ARCADES)
Investigating a Tool for Assessing Cancer Risk in Pulmonary Nodules
Brief description of study
This is a pragmatic clinical trial that will study the effect of a radiomics-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tool on clinicians' management of pulmonary nodules (PNs) compared to usual care. Adults aged 35-89 years with 8-30mm PNs evaluated at Penn Medicine PN clinics will undergo 1:1 randomization to one of two groups, defined by the PN malignancy risk stratification strategy used by evaluating clinicians: 1) usual care or 2) usual care + use of a radiomics-based CAD tool.
Detailed description of study
Accurate malignancy risk stratification of pulmonary nodules (PNs) is critical to ensuring that cancer is diagnosed in a timely manner and patients do not undergo unnecessary diagnostic procedures. Preliminary data suggests that a radiomics-based lung cancer prediction (LCP) computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tool is effective in risk stratifying PNs and may improve clinicians' PN management decisions. This is a pragmatic clinical trial evaluating the effect of this CAD tool on clinicians' management of PNs compared to usual care. Individuals eligible for this study will include adults aged 35-89 years who are scheduled to be evaluated at a Penn Medicine PN clinic for a newly discovered PN 8-30mm in maximal diameter on CT imaging. Exclusion criteria include lack of CT imaging data at the time of index clinic visit, thoracic lymphadenopathy by CT size criteria, presence of pulmonary masses (>3cm in maximal diameter), PNs with popcorn calcification (consistent with benign etiology), pure ground-glass subsolid PNs, a history of lung cancer, and history of any active cancer within 5 years. Enrolled participants will undergo 1:1 stratified randomization to one of two groups, defined by the PN malignancy risk stratification strategy used by evaluating clinicians: 1) usual care (clinician assessment) or 2) clinician assessment + CAD-based risk stratification using the LCP-CAD tool. The control arm will be usual care, defined as routine clinician assessment of PN malignancy risk. In the experimental arm, clinicians will be provided a report with the CAD tool estimate of malignancy risk for the PN being evaluated.
Eligibility of study
You may be eligible for this study if you meet the following criteria:
- Conditions: Lung Cancer, Pulmonary Nodule, Solitary
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Age: 35 years - 89 years
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Gender: All
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male or female, aged 35-89 years
- Scheduled to be evaluated at a UPHS PN clinic
- Newly discovered solid or part-solid indeterminate PN 8-30mm in maximal diameter on CT imaging within 60 days of index clinic visit
- Chest CT imaging meeting the technical requirements for compatibility with Optellum Virtual Nodule Clinic software
Exclusion Criteria:
- Chest CT imaging with discrete mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy by CT size criteria (>10mm in maximal short-axis diameter on axial CT images)
- PNs with popcorn calcification (consistent with benign etiology)
- Pure ground-glass subsolid PNs (may be associated with lower risk of clinically significant malignancy)
- PN previously seen on CT imaging >60 days prior to most recent CT
- More than one indeterminate PN 8-30mm in maximal diameter
- History of lung cancer
- History of active cancer within the previous 5 years
- Presence of a thoracic implant that impedes PN visualization
This study investigates a radiomics-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tool used to help clinicians manage pulmonary nodules (PNs). The study compares the usual care with the use of this CAD tool to see if it improves the accuracy of assessing cancer risk in PNs.
Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to one of two study arms. One arm will receive usual care, where clinicians assess the risk of cancer in PNs based on their experience. The other arm will use the CAD tool alongside usual care to provide an additional estimate of cancer risk. This study aims to determine if the CAD tool can aid in making better decisions about managing PNs.
- Who can participate: Adults aged 35 to 89 years with newly discovered pulmonary nodules 8-30mm in size on CT imaging, who are scheduled for evaluation at a Penn Medicine clinic, may participate. Exclusions include prior lung cancer, active cancer within 5 years, and certain imaging characteristics.
- Study details: Participants will be assigned to either usual care or usual care plus the CAD tool for risk assessment of pulmonary nodules. The CAD tool provides an estimate of cancer risk to assist clinicians in decision-making.
Study is selecting its participants from a population, or group of people, decided on by the researchers in advance.
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